{"id":497,"date":"2013-06-11T13:04:00","date_gmt":"2013-06-11T12:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/?page_id=497"},"modified":"2013-06-11T13:04:00","modified_gmt":"2013-06-11T12:04:00","slug":"denderah-temple-dhathor-periode-ptolemaique-et-romaine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/denderah-temple-dhathor-periode-ptolemaique-et-romaine","title":{"rendered":"Dend\u00e9rah, temple d\u2019Hathor (P\u00e9riode ptol\u00e9ma\u00efque et romaine)"},"content":{"rendered":"<table width=\"100%\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"10\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"justify\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50%\">Le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> de Dend\u00e9rah, qui se situe \u00e0 65 kilom\u00e8tres au nord de Louqsor, est d\u00e9di\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9esse <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-57\">Hathor<\/span>. Le culte de cette divinit\u00e9, tr\u00e8s souvent repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e en vache, est li\u00e9 \u00e0 la musique et \u00e0 la danse. Le site de Dend\u00e9rah est occup\u00e9 d\u00e8s l\u2019Ancien Empire et cette occupation perdure tout au long de l\u2019histoire \u00e9gyptienne. Apr\u00e8s son abandon, le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> de Dend\u00e9rah \u00e9tait couvert et environn\u00e9 de d\u00e9blais et c\u2019est en 1845 que Meh\u00e9met Ali, le vice-roi d\u2019\u00c9gypte, ordonne le d\u00e9blaiement du <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span>. En 1903, la d\u00e9couverte d\u2019une partie du tr\u00e9sor du <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> raviva l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat pour ce site. Le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> que l\u2019on visite aujourd\u2019hui fut commenc\u00e9 sous Ptol\u00e9m\u00e9e XII Aul\u00e8te, le 16 juillet 54 av. J.-C., et inaugur\u00e9 en 29 av. J.-C sous l\u2019empereur Octave. Une enceinte importante renferme le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> d\u2019<span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-57\">Hathor<\/span> mais \u00e9galement de nombreux autres \u00e9difices. Le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> d\u2019<span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-57\">Hathor<\/span> se compose de multiples espaces parmi lesquels nous pouvons citer la cour, le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-14\">pronaos<\/span>, la salle de l\u2019apparition d\u2019<span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-57\">Hathor<\/span>, le laboratoire, la biblioth\u00e8que, les magasins,<\/td>\n<td align=\"justify\" valign=\"top\" width=\"50%\">la salle des offrandes, la salle de l\u2019<span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-29\">Enn\u00e9ade<\/span>, la <em>ou\u00e2bet<\/em> ou salle pure, le couloir myst\u00e9rieux, le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-23\">naos<\/span>, les chapelles, les cryptes, les terrasses, le kiosque, les chapelles osiriennes. C\u2019\u00e9tait dans le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-23\">naos<\/span>, lieu le plus sacr\u00e9 du <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span>, que prenaient place la statue et la barque processionnelle de la divinit\u00e9. D\u2019autres espaces, telles que la <em>ou\u00e2bet<\/em> ou le kiosque, jouaient un r\u00f4le fondamental lors de la F\u00eate du Nouvel An. Une fois par an, la statue de la divinit\u00e9 \u00e9tait sortie de son <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-23\">naos<\/span>, habill\u00e9e, fard\u00e9e et embellie avec des bijoux, puis mont\u00e9e sur les terrasses o\u00f9 les pr\u00eatres proc\u00e9daient, dans le kiosque, \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sentation de la statue aux premiers rayons du soleil. Ce rituel, appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019union au disque\u00a0\u00bb, permettait de capter l\u2019\u00e9nergie universelle renaissante. Les terrasses permettaient \u00e9galement d\u2019acc\u00e9der aux six chapelles osiriennes o\u00f9 \u00e9tait conserv\u00e9e une relique d\u2019<span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-60\">Osiris<\/span> et o\u00f9 \u00e9taient c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9s les myst\u00e8res de la renaissance du dieu. C\u2019est \u00e9galement du plafond de l\u2019une de ces chapelles que provient le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre zodiaque aujourd\u2019hui conserv\u00e9 au <a title=\"Mus\u00e9e du Louvre\" href=\"http:\/\/www.louvre.fr\" target=\"_blank\">mus\u00e9e du Louvre<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Autour du <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> de la d\u00e9esse <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-57\">Hathor<\/span> prennent place d\u2019autres \u00e9difices\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; le lac sacr\u00e9, qui servait aux ablutions des pr\u00eatres\u00a0;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; le <span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-41\">temple<\/span> d\u2019<span class=\"explanatory-dictionary-highlight\" data-definition=\"explanatory-dictionary-definition-56\">Isis<\/span>, o\u00f9 est expliqu\u00e9e la naissance de la d\u00e9esse\u00a0;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; les mammisis (maisons de la naissance) de Nectan\u00e9bo Ier\u00a0et d\u2019Auguste\u00a0;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; le sanatorium, sorte de clinique o\u00f9 les soins \u00e9taient dispens\u00e9s aux malades selon l\u2019inspiration de la d\u00e9esse.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le temple de Dend\u00e9rah, qui se situe \u00e0 65 kilom\u00e8tres au nord de Louqsor, est d\u00e9di\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9esse Hathor. Le culte de cette divinit\u00e9, tr\u00e8s souvent repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e en vache, est li\u00e9 \u00e0 la musique et \u00e0 la danse. Le site de Dend\u00e9rah est occup\u00e9 d\u00e8s l\u2019Ancien Empire et cette occupation perdure tout au long [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1610,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-gallery-full1.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-497","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=497"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/497\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sciencesinfusent-decouvre-egypte.univ-lille.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}